Elastic-fluid turbine.



No. 767,250. PATENTED AUG. 9, 1904. A. SCHNEIDER. ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 15. 1904. No MODEL.

Patented August 9, 1904.

UNiTn STATES PATnNT Orrick.

AUGUST SCHNEIDER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ELASTlC-FLUID TURBINE..

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 767,250, dated August9, 1904.

Application filed June 15, 1904. Serial No. 212,603. (No model.)

To [all whom, it muy concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUST SCHNEIDER, a citizen Aof the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Elastic-Fluid Turbines;and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to a novel construction in an elastic-fluidturbine, the object being to provide a simple and efficient device ofthis character; and it consists in the features of construction andcombinations of parts hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, Figure l is acentral longitudinal section of a turbine constructed in accordance withmy invention. Fig. 2 is a developed section, on an enlarged scale, onthe line 2 2 of Fig. l, illustrating the fluid-passages of the engine.

My said turbine comprises two hollow supporting-standards A and B,forming the steam or other elastic-fluid inlet and exhaust,respectively, the upper end portions of said standards A and B being'curved to form elbows between which the casing C of the turbine ismounted and supported. The said casing C is composed of a plurality ofsections D of gradually-increasing diameters, which are secured togetherby means of bolts passing through the circumferential flanges E thereof.The standard or inlet A is of smaller diameter than the standard orexhaust B, and the interposed casing C is conical. Each of said sectionsD is provided with an internal annular flange F at its smaller end, andin the outer face of said flange is an annular recess G, the peripheralwalls of which are beveled, and on the opposite faces of said flangesare beveled annular projections H. In said flanges I provide passages Jat regular intervals, said passages being disposed midway between theends of said flanges and curved so that the steam or other fluidentering one end of each of said passages in a given direction isdeflected and leaves said passages J in an opposite direction, saidpassages being wider at their inlet than at their no unnecessaryresistance is developed. end sections D are provided with centralopendelivery ends. Passing centrally through said casing C and journaledin bearings K, carried by said standards A and B, is a shaft L,whichcarries a plurality of disks M, each of which is adapted to fit androtate within one of the sections D of the casing, said disks beingprovided adjacent their peripheries with passages N, corresponding innumber and registering with the passages J, but oppositely disposed, soas to cause the steam or other fluid to travel in a zigzag directionthrough both sets of passages J and N. Adjacent their said peripheriesthe said disks M are provided in one face with annular recesses O,adapted to receive said projections H of the flanges F of the sectionsD, and on their other faces with projections P, adapted to enter thesaid recesses Cr of said flanges F, said sections D and disks M beingadapted to relatively intert snugly at all points, but allowingsufhcient freedom to avoid undue friction. It will be noted that saidpassages J and N are so formed that at their inlet ends the fluid isdeflected slightly in one direction and toward and at their deliveryends it is deflected sharply at a greater angle in the oppositedirection, but always in a relatively gradual curve, so thlat T ie ings,forming bearings for said shaft L, while the intermediate sections arepreferably cut away as much as possible at their middle portion toreduce weight. In the walls of said standards A and B, I providestuffing-boxes Q for the shafts L to prevent escape of' steam. The saidshaft and the. bearings K are provided with interiitting annular groovesand projections which serve to hold said shaft against longitudinalmovement.

Adjacent the endmost section D of the casing and within the inlet A is asleeve R, which is secured to said section and on which the hub S of avalve T is longitudinally movable,

said valve T being ring-shaped and disposed y in front of the passages Jof said section D. On said sleeve R is a shoulder U, which serves tolimit the closing movement of said valve to prevent the same fromcompletely shutting olf the supply of steam to said passages. Pivotallymounted on said hub S and on the pro- 100 jecting inner wall of thestuffing-box Q are two toggle-levers V, which are pivotally connected attheir other ends with a plunger W, passing' vertically throug'h astufling-box provided therefor in the upper wall of the standard A andcarrying a collar X at its extreme upper end, between which and a partof the frame Y a spring' is interposed which serves to normally holdsaid plunger at the upper limit of its movement and hold said valve T atthe rearward limit of its movement. The said plunger W is connected in awell-known manner with a centrifugal governor Z of well-knownconstruction, which is geared to the shaft L and serves to depress saidplunger, and thus move said valve T forward to partially shut off thesupply of steam or other fluid when the speed of the shaft L exceeds thepredetermined number of revolutions.

Suitable lubricating' devices and means for primarily adjusting thevalve T may be provided.

The operation of my turbine is very simple, the projection of the steamor other fluid against the walls of the passages N serving to cause thedisks M, and therebyT the shaft L, to be rot-ated, the said steam orother fluid gradually expanding during its passage and acting oncorrespondingly larger surfaces until it reaches the exhaust B.

The interfitting recesses and projections on the disks M and on theflanges F of the sections D serve to efficiently overcome a great dealof leakage and back pressure, while the zigzag passage of the steam inogee curves instead of sharp angles produces greater elllcieney byreason of the fact that resistance is decreased.

I claim as my invention-A l. An elastic-fluid turbine comprising incombination a conical casing connected at its smaller end with asteam-inlet and at its larger end with an exhaust, said casing beingcomposed of a plurality of substantially cylindrical sections, aninternal annular flange on each section provided on one side with anannular recess and on its other side with an annular projection, a shaftpassing centrally through said casing and carrying disks correspondingin number and interiltting with said sections, said disks being providedadjacent their peripheries with annular recesses, and projectionsinterfitting with the projections and recesses of said flanges of saidsections, said flanges and disks being provided with relatively zigzagpassages registering with each other, substantially as and for thepurpose described.

2. An elastic-fluid turbine comprising in combination, a conical casingconnected at opposite ends with an inlet and an exhaust, a plurality ofinternal annular flanges on said casing, a shaft passing centrallythrough said casing, and disks on said shaft extending at theirperipheral portions between said flanges,

said flanges'and disks being provided with passages for the drivingfluid, said passages being curved between their ends and serving todeflect said fluid in one direction at their inlet ends and in anopposite direction toward their outlet ends at a greater incline, saidpassages in said disks being relatively oppositely disposed to thepassages in said flanges and serving to cause the fluid to pass zigzagin ogee curves.

3. An elastic-fluid turbine compi'ising in combination two hollowstandards forming respectively an inlet and an exhaust for the fluid, aconical casing interposed between said standards and communicatingtherewith, said casing being composed of a plurality of substantiallycylindrical sections each provided with an internal annular flangehaving an annular recess on one face and an annular projection on itsother face, a shaft passing centrally through said casing, and aplurality of disks on said shaft extending between the flanges of saidcasing and each provided in its opposite faces with an annular recessand projection respectively adapted to interfit with said projections ofsaid flanges, said flanges and disks being provided with passages forthe driving fluid, said passages being curved between their ends andserving to deflect said fluid in one direction at their inlet ends andin an opposite direction toward their outlet ends at a greater incline,said passages in said disks being relatively oppositely disposed to thepassages in said flanges and serving to cause the fluid to pass zigzagin ogee curves.

4L. An elastic-fluid turbine comprising in combination two hollowstandards forming respectively an inlet and an exhaust for the fluid, aconical casing interposed between said standards and communicatingtherewith, said casing being' composed of a plurality of substantiallycylindrical sections each provided with an internal annular flangehaving an annular recess on one face and an annular projection on itsother face, a shaft passing' centrally through said casing, and aplurality of disks on said shaft extending between the flanges of saidcasing and each provided in its opposite faces with an annular recessand projection respectively adapted to interfit with said projections ofsaid flanges, said flanges and disks being provided with passages forthe driving fluid, said passages being curved between their ends andserving to deflect said fluid in one direction at their inlet ends andin an opposite direction toward their outlet ends at a greater incline,said passages in said disks being relatively oppositely disposed to thepassages in said flanges and serving' to cause the fluid to pass zigzagin ogee curves, and valve interposed in the inlet-standard and partiallycontrolling the steam admitted to said casing.

5. An elastic-fluid turbine comprising in combination two hollowstandards forming re- IOO TIO

spectively an inlet and an exhaust for the fluid, a conical casinginterposed between said standards and communicating' therewith, saidcasing being composed of a plurality of substantially cylindricalsections each provided with an internal annular lange having an annularrecess on one face and an annular projection on its other face, a shaftpassing centrally through said casing, and a plurality of disks on saidshaft extending between the flanges of said casing and each provided inits opposite faces with an annular recess and projection respectivelyadapted to interiit with said projections ofsaid iianges, said flangesandA disks being provided with passages for the driving iiuid,saidpassages being curved between their ends, and valve interposed in theinlet-standard and partially controlling the steam admitted to saidcasing, and a governor controlling said valve.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

AUGUST SCHNEIDER. Witnesses:

RUDOLPH Wu. Lo'rz, F. SoHLoTFELD.

